Imibereho ya Alex Kagame

Alexis Kagame yavutse (tariki 15 Gicurasi 1912). Ni umupadiri akaba n'umunyamateka w'umunyarwanda wavukiye I Kiyanza, mu cyahoze ari mu Buliza, muri Komine Mugambazi, Perefefitura ya Kigali. Iyo tariki y’ukuvuka kwe kugira ngo imenyekane neza ni uko yahuriranye n’urupfu rwa Basebya ba Nyirantwali wari warigize hangaharya mu Rugezi, mu majya-ruguru y'ikiyaga cya Bulera. Icyo gihe u Rwanda rwategekwaga n'umwami Yuhi wa V Musinga.

Amashuri yize

Mu mwaka wa 1925, Kagame yatangiye kwiga mu ishuri rya Leta mu Ruhengeri. Bigaga gusoma, kwandika, kubara na gatigisimu. Ururimi rw’amagahanga bigaga ni igiswayile. Uwarangizaga iryo shuri yashoboraga gukora akazi k’ubukarani. Amashuri nk'ayo yari mbarwa.

Mu mashuli, Kagame yamenye gusoma atebye. uko yakundaga kubitekerereza abantu ngo yibwiraga ko bazagira igihe cyo kwiga inyuguti za buri gitabo. Ubwo bigiraga muri Alifu, agatekereza ko nibarangiza bazafata Gatigisimu, barangiza bagasoma Schulbibel. Bityo bityo kugeza igihe bamariye ibitabo byose.

Kagame yarangije ishuli rya Leta mu w' 1928. Ni nabwo yabatirijwe i Rwaza na Padiri Desbrosses ari we wari warafashije Lecoindre gushinga Misiyoni ya Marangara yaje gufata izina rya Kabgayi (Kabwayi). Ubwo ku munsi yari amaze kubatirizwaho yegera Padiri Desbrosses aramubwira ati; ndashaka kujya mu Seminari. Padiri aramuseka . Icyo gihe abahawe batisimu bamaraga icyumweru bacumbitse hafi ya Misiyoni . Bukeye Kagame agarutse mu misa ahura na Padiri Desbrosses. Padiri aramubaza ati; “Ibyo wambwiye ejo, warakinaga cyangwa wari ukomeje?” Nubwo yari yabivuze yikinira ntabwo yari gushobora kubwira umupadiri wari waraye amubatije ko yivugiraga gusa adakomeje. Ni bwo ashubije ati; “Nari nkomeje”, Padiri Desbrosses akura ibarwa mu mufuka arayimuhereza ati; “Yijyane i Kabgayi”.

Ahita ajya imuhira gusezera. Ariko agihinguka baratangara bati; “Ko wabatijwe ejo utashye ute?” Ati; “Ngiye mu Seminari?”. Gukora iki?, “Kwiga igifaransa!?”.

Yari akenyeye imishanana ateze n’amasunzu y’intambike, nk’umuntu uvuye mu giturage rwose. Abandi bari batangiye kwambara amakabutura n’amashati.

Nijoro aritegereza abona nta muntu unyoye itabi. Abaza abandi baseminari ati:”Mbese ko utanywa agatabi?” Bati :”Hano ntibanywa itabi birabujijwe”. Ni kwo gufata imboho z’itabi yari yazanye aziha abari bamuherekeje bazisubiza imuhira.

Mu Seminari abana baramurebaba bakabona adashamadutse mu kibuno, akuze, bakibwira bati uriya we azatsindwa. Igihembwe cya mbere cyarangiye Kagame yimenyereza ibyo kwiga. Mu gihembwe cya kabiri, abo biganaga babona ababanye uwa mbere. No mu gihembwe cya Gatatu ahamana umwanya we wa mbere. Ubwo aba arangije umwaka umwe mu Seminari ari wo wa Gatandatu dukurikije uko babara mu mashuri yigisha ubumenyi-buntu.

Yageze mu mwaka wa Gatatu w’amashuri, ari wo wa kane dukurikije igihe yari amaze mu Seminali, abarezi be basanga atari ngombwa ko yakurikirana imyaka yose. Agiye mu biruhuko arangije uwa Gatatu bamuha ibitabo agomba kwiyigisha ngo narangiza bazamubaze. Ni we wiyigishije Caesar, Intambara y’Aba-Gauli ikizamini aragitsinda. Aho kwimukira uwa kabili nk’abo biganaga ajya mu wa mbere asimbutse uwa kabili. Uwa mbere atyaza ubuhanga bwo kuvuga neza no kwiga ababibayemo intiti. Naho ntiyahabaye ikigwali n'ubwo hari amasomo atari yarabonye kandi bagenzi be barayize. Ni cyo cyatumye umwanya wa mbere awuta.

Mu mwaka w' 1933 yarangije Seminali nto nuko yinjira mu Seminari nkuri. Nayo yari ikiri i Kabgayi Kagame yaba yaragize amanota ya mbere mu bo biganaga kuva atangira Seminari nkuru kugeza ayirangiza. Muri 1936, Seminari nkuru yimukiye mu Nyakibanda. Kagame yari umunyeshuri muri Tewolojiya. Uwo mwaka, umwe mu bapadiri bigishaga mu Nyakibanda, agakunda gutoza abanyeshuli be ubuhanga bwa Kinyarwanda.

Umunsi umwe padiri de Decker ategura igitaramo. Asaba buri mufaratiri kwitegura kuzabwira abandi icyo yagezeho. Muri icyo gitaramo atumira mo umwami Mutara III, Rudahigwa. Mu gitaramo barabyina, bararirimba, barivuga, bavuga amazina y’inka n’ibisigo, ukwo bari barashoboye kubibaririza no kubimenya. Igitaramo kirangiye umwami ahamagara Kagame aramubaza ati; “Ibyo wavuze wabikuye he?” Undi ati; “Nabibwiwe na Sekamana”. Amubwira n”abandi basizi babiri. Umwami ati abo ndabazi ariko si bo bahanga. Nzakoherereza ababizi neza. Hashize iminsi Alexis Kagame abona abasizi b’ibyamamare bageze mu Nyakibanda. Muri 1947 yavuye I Kabgayi ajya ku gisagara. Hari mu kwezi kwa Gatanu. Umwami Rudahigwa yakundaga kujya kubasura aho ku Gisagara. N’abazungu bifuzaga kugera icyo bamenya ku Rwanda bajyaga kubaza Kagame. Iyo Misiyoni yari ihuriro ry’abantu benshi Kagame ayirimo. N’a bashyitsi babaga baje gusura u Rwanda bayobozaga aho Kagame ari.

Imirimo yari ashinzwe ntiyamuhugije gushakashaka mu buhanga. Aho ku Gisagara ni ho yandikiye igitabo kivuga ubusizi mu Rwanda (La poésie dynastique au Rwanda). Icapwa ryacyo ryabaye mu mwaka wa 1951.

Muri 1950, ukwezi kw’Ukwakira, Padiri Kagame yavuye ku Gisagara, asubira i Kabgayi. Yongeye gukora mu buyobozi bwa Kinyamateka. Mu kwezi kwa Nzeli mu wa 1952, Padiri Kagame yoherejwe mu mashuri i Roma. Yigiye muri Kaminuza yitiriwe Mutagatifu Geregori. Mu myaka ine yali abonye Dipolome ya Dogiteri muri Filozofiya aho yakiriwe nk’umunyeshuri udasanzwe. Kagame yarangije amashuri muri 1956 agaruka I Rwanda. Yigishije Filozofiya muri Groupe Scolaire ya Astrida (Butare). Yigishaga no mu Seminari nto I Kansi. Ibyo byose yabikoraga atuye Astrida muri Procure .

Imirimo yakoze

Kuva muri 1947 kugeza muri 1962, yari yaratorewe kujya mu nteko y’abantu b’impuguke zigenza mu nama y'u Bulayi (membre du Groupe des Experts Indépendants auprès du Conseil de l’Europe). Umurwa w'iyo nama ukaba Strasbourg ho mu Bufaransa.

Kagame yari no mu Nama y'Ubuyobozi bwa Rwanda-Urundi kuva muri 1956 kugeza ku bwigenge bw'u Rwanda.

Kaminuza yu Rwanda yashinzwe muri 1963. Naho yatangiye ahigisha Ubumenyi n’Amateka y’u Rwanda. Ntabwo yari agitanga amasomo muri Groupe Scolaire. Ahubwo mu mwaka wa 1964 yagiye gutura I Kansi mu Seminari. Yaje no kwigisha umuco n’ubuhanga bya Afurika mu Seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda guhera muri 1971. Mu mwaka ukurikiyeho yabaye Umwarimu-mushyitsi muri Kaminuza y'Igihugu cya Zaire (Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo), ( Ishami ry'I Lubumbashi). Muri iyo Kaminuza yigishaga amateka ya Afurika y’iburasirazuba n’iyo hagati.

Muri 1972, Kagame yaretse umurimo wo kuba umukuru wa Seminali ntoya y’i Kansi. Yari yarawutangiye muri 1969. Akirangiza uwo murimo ni na ho yimukiye i Butare. Ubwo yahugukiye iby’ubushakashatsi cyane hamwe n’ibyo kwigisha muri Kaminuza y’i Ruhande. Yashoboye kwandika igitabo cya mbere cy’amateka yu Rwanda (Un Abrégé de l’Ethno-Histoire du Rwanda, 1972) no gutegura icyagikurikiye (Un Abrégé de l’Histoire du Rwanda de 1853 à 1972) cyarangiye muri 1975.

Ku ya 5 Nyakanga 1979, Perezida wa Repubulika, Général Major Habyalimana Juvenal yamuhaye impeta y’ishimwe, maze amugira Officier de l’Ordre National des Grands-Lacs. Iyo mpeta yahabwaga abantu bagize akamaro mu kujijura Abanyarwanda; bakoresheje inyandiko, ubuhimbyi, indilimbo n’ibindi. Ku italiki ya 4 Nyakanga 1981, Papa Yohani-Paulo II, yamugize Umusenyeli w'icyubahiro (Prélat d'honneur).

Ntihashize iminsi myinshi igihe yari agiye kwivuza i Nairobi muri Kenya, yapfiriye mu bitaro byaho ku italiki ya 2 Ukuboza 1981 azize ko umutima we wari unaniwe ukarekera aho gutera.